Soil testing is an important function of geotechnical testing and civil engineering in the design of pavements, embankments and other structures. Geotechnical testing provides valuable information on soil mechanics and materials common to soils such as silt, clay, sand, gravel or rock. Testing is critical in determining if the soil has the characteristics to support the planned construction. Procedures such as sample collection and visual classification are used to make initial determinations before further testing begins.

